Development status of superhard materials industry
Since reform and opening up, China has achieved rapid growth. Some people call it "backward advantage", which means that the developed countries learn from the advanced developed countries in science, technology and management to develop themselves, so the development is relatively fast. But this backward advantage is rapidly disappearing for several reasons.
First, the problem of labor force. In the past, China had a large number of labor force, low cost, low wage level, how many people to recruit, but now different, labor cost advantage gradually disappeared, and labor costs rose sharply;
Second, the cost of environmental protection is heavy. In the past, we emphasized that development is the absolute principle, while ignoring the environment, but now it can not work, to support environmental policies, enterprises have to pay for environmental protection. Our electroplating industry should be vigilant, otherwise it will shut down, fines, and investigate criminal responsibilities.
Third, the prices of raw materials are rising. The rising cost of raw materials has greatly increased the cost of the entire industrial product. And the price of products has not improved, no doubt enterprises will be more and more difficult to survive.
Fourth, exports are blocked. In the past, we produced low-cost products and exported them to the international market. As the cost of the products increased, it was very difficult to maintain the export rate. For example, our diamond saw blade products are dominated by medium and low grade, occupying the international market, commonly known as the DIY market. However, high-grade products are still occupied by foreigners, so we must improve the quality and grade of saw blades, apply new technologies (such as uniform distribution technology, surface treatment technology, etc.) to enhance the technological content of products, vigorously develop sawing products, such as sintered beads, wire saw products, wire saw products, ultra-thin products squeezed into the international market.
Fifthly, technology is facing bottlenecks. We should see that our industry has a lot of product technology level, product quality and varieties are catching up with or close to the developed countries, but after approaching a certain degree, to innovate and develop new products, otherwise it will be difficult to develop further. Other people's new technology and products will not be given to you easily. This is the problem we are facing at present.
Its six, capital and debt problems. In recent years, our enterprises are still facing a more serious problem of capital debt, the current local government debt crisis, mutual debts between enterprises, so that the normal production of some enterprises affected, or even can not start work, to maintain production had to borrow usury, but the interest is higher than profits. It is not an individual phenomenon that workers are reluctant to maintain their wages. The cemented carbide tool industry, abrasive abrasive tool industry, brazing steel tool industry and economic benefits are relatively low. Last year, I gave an example. There are nearly 300 cemented carbide brazing steel enterprises in China, accounting for 42% of the world's total output, but the economic benefit is not as good as that of a company in Sandvik, Sweden.
At present, after more than 50 years of development of superhard materials in China, diamond production accounts for more than 90% of the world, and cubic boron nitride production accounts for more than 60%. The superhard material industry is closely related to the development of the national economy. Since 2015, China's economic development has entered a new normal state, with the reform, transformation and innovation as the main line, changing the production mode, adjusting the industrial structure and looking for a new growth point.
